PMS is the term used to describe the series of physical, emotional and psychological changes that occur to up to two weeks before menstruation and increasing in intensity until the onset of menses. There are close to 200 PMS symptoms that include irritability, bloating, sore breasts, etc. These symptoms are reported by up to 85 percent of women although the degree may vary every menstrual cycle.

The causes of PMS are not fully understood, however it is thought that PMS occurs due to the hormonal turbulence that occurs at the end of the menstrual cycle. Genetics also seem to play an important role since PMS seems to be more common among twins.

To qualify as PMS, the symptoms have to be recorded for at least 2 consecutive months. It is suggested that women use symptom record charts to mark all their PMS symptoms before consulting their doctor for advice.

There are several methods that help control and relieve PMS. These include reducing your caffeine intake, exercising regularly, sleeping well and limiting your alcohol intake. Stress has also been linked to PMS. It has been shown to make preexisting PMS conditions worse. Other ways to control and relieve PMS symptoms include PMS remedies, supplements, evening primrose oil and the estrogen progesterone pill.